中国区域经济增长条件收敛分析——基于扩展Solow模型的实证研究

以Solow模型(1956)为基础,把人力资本和制度因素同时纳入新古典经济增长模型中,构造了一个包含人力资本和制度因素的扩展Solow模型。运用面板数据(Panel data)系统广义矩估计(SYS-GMM)方法,对1978年改革开放以来各省的经济增长差异进行了实证分析。研究结果发现,中国各地区间的经济增长存在显著的条件收敛(conditional convergence)特征,即在控制了各省间人口增长率、物质资本投资率、人力资本水平和制度因素差异后,可以观测到明显的经济增长收敛趋势。     

利率模型的发展及计量方法的应用

利率模型的发展和完善与计量经济学方法的发展密不可分。综述利率模型的发展和计量方法之应用对利率模型的推动作用,重点介绍单因子扩散利率模型及其极大似然估计、广义矩估计和非参数方法在利率模型中的应用。     

人民币自然均衡实际汇率:1978—2004

均衡汇率是判断汇率水平是否失调及汇率政策是否需要调整的主要客观依据。长期自然均衡实际汇率是基本经济因素决定的、保证经济内外均衡和充分就业的实际汇率水平。本文根据自然均衡汇率理论和中国宏观经济特点,提出估计人民币自然均衡实际汇率的结构方程,采用1978—2004年的年度数据,利用全息极大似然法进行系统估计,得出人民币中、长期自然均衡实际汇率,测算出人民币实际汇率失调程度。实证分析结果表明,近几年人民币存在一定程度低估,但汇率失调程度趋向收敛。目前人民币升值压力主要来自金融经济层面。应整合中央银行和外汇管理部门职能,协同利用宏观经济政策,进一步完善人民币汇率市场形成机制。     

企业财务危机成本形成机理及其间接成本的估量

文章以财务危机成本研究为主线,详细研究了财务危机成本的构成内容、形成机理及具体表现.文章认为,计量和防范财务危机的间接成本具有比直接成本更重要的意义:它便于把财务危机预警融于企业的日常经营管理中.在此基础上,文章提出了财务危机间接成本估量的三种方法:实物期权法、经济附加值法以及逐期环比对比法.     

旅游生态环境承载力计算方法研究

旅游环境承载力的评估是实现对生态旅游景区合理规划、有效管理,最终实现可持续发展必不可少的工具。本文运用生态学研究中生态足迹的概念和方法,通过分析生态旅游区的生态足迹的供给与需求,建立了基于生态足迹的环境承载力评估模型。     

Christofides’ randomized response technique in complex sample surveys

Christofides (2003) has given an improved modification of Warners (1965) pioneering randomized response (RR) technique in estimating an unknown proportion of people bearing a sensitive characteristic in a given community. As both these RR devices are shown to yield unbiased estimators based only on simple random sampling (SRS) with replacement (WR) but in practice samples are mostly taken with unequal selection probabilities without replacement (WOR), here we present methods of estimation when Christofides RR data are available from unequal probability samples. Warners (1965) RR device was earlier shown by Chaudhuri (2001) to be applicable in complex surveys. For completeness we present estimators for the variance of our estimator and also describe what to do if some people opt to divulge truths.This research is partially supported by CSIR grant No. 21(0539)/02/EMR-II     

各地区居民收入基尼系数计算及其非参数计量模型分析

本文利用非等分组基尼系数公式,首次较为完整地计算出全国21个省、市以及自治区的1995~2004年城镇居民、农村居民和城乡居民基尼系数。在这一基础上,利用非参数计量经济模型中的分布密度函数估计方法,分析了1995~2004年各地区城镇、农村和城乡居民基尼系数变化特征。以居民平均收入水平与城乡居民收入平均基尼系数对各地区进行判别分析,发现以收入水平与分配公平程度为标准的判定基本上同我国东中西三大地区的划分一致。     

Unemployment and the business cycle in a small open economy: G.M.M. estimation and testing with French data

What is a relevant model for the European business cycle? In this paper, the empirical performances of three models are compared: a canonical Walrasian R.B.C. framework, its extension to the case of a small open economy, and a version of this model with search and wage bargaining on the labor market. Structural parameters of the models are estimated using G.M.M. and their abilities to reproduce the French business cycle, taken as representative of the European business cycle, are tested. Only the small open economy with unemployment is able to generate theoretical moments that match their empirical counterparts.     

Nonregular designs from Hadamard matrices and their estimation capacity

Deng and Tang (1999) proposed the generalized minimum aberration (GMA) criterion to assess fractional factorial designs, and a design with GMA is often regarded as the best. However, there exist situations where some other designs may suit practical needs better. In this article, we propose an algorithm to sequentially examine designs obtained from Hadamard matrices under estimation capacity (EC) and provide designs with maximum or high EC for various combinations of run-size and number-of-factors. The usefulness of maximum or high EC designs is discussed.2000 Mathematics Subject Classification: 62K15, 05B20.Acknowledgements The research of Yingfu Li is supported by a Faculty Research Support Fund through the School of Science and Computer Engineering, University of Houston - Clear Lake. The authors are very grateful to the editor and two referees for their helpful comments that have led to the improvement of the paper.     

利用国内资源成本法考量贸易利益的探讨——以中澳羊毛贸易为例

贸易利益的考量一直是学界关心的问题。本文从国内资源成本法的思想出发,利用DRC近似量化中澳羊毛贸易利益的大小,考察贸易利益的大小变动与产品比较优势变动情况的相关性,并对利用贸易条件方法对贸易利益的考量问题做出探讨,认为从贸易条件角度对贸易利益的衡量应结合国内资源成本的考量。